NEBRASKA — A nationwide outbreak of the intestinal parasite Cyclospora has reached Nebraska, according to health experts with CHI Health.
Only a small number of cases have been confirmed in the state, but doctors say the actual number of infections could be higher because many people recover at home without seeking medical care or undergoing testing.
Cyclospora is a microscopic parasite that can contaminate food and cause gastrointestinal illness. Health officials continue to investigate the current outbreak, but no specific food source has been identified.
Past outbreaks have been connected to fresh produce, including pre-cut salad mixes, cilantro, basil, raspberries, snow peas, and green onions.
Dr. Renuga Vivekanandan with CHI Health said the parasite can be difficult to remove because it may remain in small, porous areas of certain fruits and vegetables even after washing.
“Even though you’re washing it, they can remain there,” Vivekanandan said. “Ideally, if you buy produce whole, you can wash it thoroughly yourself.”
Symptoms generally develop about seven days after exposure, though they can take as long as two weeks to appear. That delay can make it difficult for health officials to determine where a person became infected.
Common symptoms include prolonged diarrhea, fatigue, dehydration, muscle weakness, and stomach discomfort.
Most people recover without hospitalization, but young children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems face a greater risk of complications.
Unlike some gastrointestinal illnesses, Cyclospora infections can be treated with antibiotics. The most commonly prescribed treatment is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, also known as Bactrim.
Doctors recommend contacting a healthcare provider when symptoms persist or fail to improve. Staying hydrated is also particularly important for people experiencing prolonged diarrhea.
Health experts say Cyclospora generally does not spread easily from person to person.
“If somebody else in your household has this, you’re not necessarily going to get it,” said Dr. Dave Quinby, an infectious disease physician with CHI Health. “Handwashing is always good, but this tends not to go person to person well at all.”
Until investigators identify the source of the outbreak, doctors recommend purchasing whole produce when possible, thoroughly washing fruits and vegetables, and cooking foods when appropriate.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 843 confirmed cases and approximately 1,500 probable cases have been reported nationwide. Eighty-six people have been hospitalized, and no deaths have been reported.